Art educator and theorist, applied Marxist and psychological approaches to his interpretations of art. Sponsored by Barnes Foundation to study in France. Taught: Antioch College, 1925-27; Acadia University (Canada), 1928-43; Michigan State University, 1943-56.

Scholar of Dutch baroque art; professor of History of Art, UC Berkeley,1962-1994; exponent of the "new art history." Born Svetlana Leontief, she graduated from Radcliffe College with a B.A. in 1957. She married the following year, assuming her husband's surname of Alpers. She continued graduate work in art history at Harvard University publishing an article on Vasari's verbal descriptions of art (ekphrasis) in 1960 in the Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, which announced her innovative approach to art history.

Marxist/social-history art historian. Antal was born to a wealthy Jewish family. His father, Alajos Antal, was a medical doctor and his mother was Sofia Gerstl. The younger Antal completed a law degree in Budapest and then continued there as well as Freiburg and Paris to study art history. In studied in Berlin under Heinrich Wölfflin and then in Vienna under Max Dvořák. He received his doctorate in art history in 1914 writing his thesis under Dvořák on neoclassical and Romantic French painting.

Marxist art historian, professor at University of Rome 1959-1976; specialist in Italian art. Argan's father, Valerio Argan, was an administrator of a women's mental hospital and his mother, Libera Roncaroli, a primary school teacher. An uncle's subscription to the journal La Critica, founded by Benedetto Croce, introduced the ideas of that art philosopher to Argan at a young age. He attended the Liceo Classico Cavour in Turin where the classes of the young Giusta Nicco Fasola instilled a passion for art.

Marxist literary critic and art historian. Berger was born to S. J. D. Berger and Miriam Branson (Berger). He attended Central School of Art and Chelsea School of Art and served in the British army, Oxford and Buckinghamshire Infantry, during and immediately after World War II (1944-1946). Berger initially worked as an artist and teacher, exhibiting his work at galleries in London. He wrote art criticism for the The New Statesman beginning in 1951 under its editor, Kingsley Martin (1897-1969).

Marxist art historian of Roman art. Bianchi Bandinelli was descended from ancient aristocracy in Siena. His father, Mario Bianchi Bandinelli (1859-1930), was a one-time mayor of Siena and land baron whose forebears included Pope Alexander III (served 1159-1181). His mother, Margherita Ottilie "Lily" von Korn (Bianchi Bandinelli) (1878-1905) was German from minor noble lineage. He attended the liceo Guicciardini in Siena before entering the University in Rome in 1918, studying archaeology. His early research focused on the Etruscan centers close to his family lands.

UCLA professor of art history, patronage scholar of Marxist methodology; political activist. Boime's father was Max Boime, a salesman, and his mother Dorothy Rubin (Boime), both eastern European Jewish immigrants. His father worked in the Brooklyn naval yards during World War II. The younger Boime, his interest in art stemming from cartooning, joined the U.S. Army in 1955 and was stationed in Germany. After discharge in 1958, he entered the University of California, Los Angeles, B.A., graduating in 1961. He continued to Columbia University, receiving his M.A., in 1963.

Poet, literary critic and historian whose work became representative of the so-called New Art History. Bonnefoy was born to [Marius] élie Bonnefoy (1888-1936), a railroad worker, and Hélène Maury (Bonnefoy) (1889-1972), a teacher. As a child he spent summers at his grandfather's house in the southern France town of Toirac, near the River Lot. His father died when Bonnefoy was just thirteen, affecting the boy deeply. Bonnefoy graduated with honors from the Lycée Descartes in 1941, continuing study at the Université de Poitiers, 1942, in mathematics.

Marxist-methodology Americanist art historian. Brown's father was Samuel Brown and his mother Celia Hamilton (Brown), Jewish grocers owners in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn. He studied art privately under painter and printmaker Louis Lozowick (1892-1973) before attending New York University where he graduated with a B.A. 1932, intent on becoming a public school teacher. He continued at NYU for his M.A., studying under Walter Friedlaender, Erwin Panofsky and Meyer Schapiro.

Marxist-approach art historian; Chancellor's Professor of Modern Art at the University of California, Berkeley. Clark attended Bristol Grammar School, before graduating with a A. B., from St. John's College, Cambridge University earning a first class distinction in 1964. He joined the Situationalist International in 1966, whose theorist, Guy Debord (1931-1994), developed the concept of "spectacle" that Clark would use later in his work. He received his Ph. D. in art history from the Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London in 1973.

Historian of 18th-century French art and prime exponent of the "New Art History" in the United States. Crow was raised in the suburbs of Chicago, Illinois. As a teenager, he moved with his family to San Diego, California in 1961. He entered Pomona College, Pomona, CA, graduating with a B. A. graduating magna cum laude in 1969. He continued graduate work at the University of California, Los Angeles with an M.A. in 1975 and Ph.D. in 1978. His classmates included another Marxist-approach art student and later art historian, Serge Guilbaut.

Marxist art historian

Professor of art history at the University of British Columbia; Marxist (methodology) art historian. Guilbaut graduated from the University of Pau, Pau, France in 1965 with a B.A. in philosophy. He moved to University of Bordeaux where he was granted his Licence in 1969 and master's degree in 1972. Guilbaut entered the graduate program at U.C.L.A., attracted to the progressivest/Marxist (methodology) program there led by O. K. Werckmeister and T. J. Clark.

Art historian of Marxist-methodology and historian of visual ideology; El Greco scholar and Professor, El Greco Centre, Institute of Mediterranean Studies, Rethymnon, Crete. Hadjinicolaou studied art history at the Universities of Berlin, Freiberg and Munich. In 1965, he moved to Paris where he continued study under Pierre Francastel, the philosopher and the director of the école pratique des hautes études, Lucien Goldmann (1913-1970) and the historian Pierre Vilar (1906-2003).

Marxist art historian, Expressionism exponent and later detractor and post-war German diplomat. Hausenstein's parents were Wilhelm Hausenstein (senior) and Clara Baumann (Hausenstein) (d.1937). His father was a financial officer for the duchy of Baden. After graduating from the Gymnasium in Karlsruhe in 1900, he traveled in the typical German fashion between universities, Heidelberg, Tübingen and Munich studying philosophy, classical philology, history and economics--and heard the art history lectures of Karl Voll.

Marxist film and art historian. He was born in Temesvár, Hungary, which is present-day Timișoara, Romania. As a student of German and Romance languages in Budapest, Hauser (in 1916) joined the Sonntagskreis, where his friend and colleague Karl Mannheim (1893-1947) and the philosopher György Lukács (1885-1971) were members. In 1918 Hauser received his doctorate in German romantic aesthetics, assumed a professorship at the University in Budapest, and became the Director of the Reformrates (Council on Reform) of art history education.

Hamburg Marxist art historian of French art

Marxist art scholar of CD Friedrich

Marxist art historian; published the first Marxist work of art history in France; assistant at the Musée national d'Art moderne in Paris;

Marxist art historian

Marxist art historian of British art; employed Kunstsoziologie in his writings. Klingender's father, Louis Henry Weston Klingender (1861-1950), a native of Liverpool, was a painter of animals, a subject which the younger Klingender would return to himself late in life. His mother, also British, was Florence Hoette (Klingender) (d. 1944). In 1902 the family moved to Goslar in the Harz Mountain region of Germany. The younger Klingender was born there in 1907. At the outbreak of World War I, his father was interned on suspicion spying for England at a camp near Berlin.

Marxist/social historian-style scholar of popular arts, the poster and comic strip. Kunzle was educated at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University, receiving his B.A. in 1957 with honors. After his Ph.D. from the University of London, whose dissertation he wrote in 1964 under E. H. Gombrich, he was appointed assistant professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara the following year. Kunzle was awarded a grant from National Endowment for the Humanities in 1967.

Marxist art theoretician

Marxist art historian

French Marxist art historian